转自人民网：http://scitech.people.com.cn/GB/7335710.html
世界卫生组织的研究成果获取行动“卫生领域研究网络计划”（HINARI）5月19日宣布已帮助其成员国提高了科学产出。
HINARI, the WHO's research access programme, claimed this week (19 May) that is has helped to advance the scientific output of its member countries.
由爱思唯尔出版社发布的一个分析——该出版社为HINARI提供其出版的期刊——查看了2002年到2006年之间发表在同行评议期刊中论文数量增长情况。
An analysis by publishing company Elsevier -— which makes its journals available though HINARI — looked at the increases in papers published in peer-reviewed journals from 2002–2006.
这个研究表明105个国家通过HINARI计划，平均增长了63%，而102个非HINARI计划的国家平均增长率是38%。
The study revealed a 63 per cent average increase in 105 countries with HINARI access, compared to 38 per cent in 102 non-HINARI countries.
进入HINARI获取计划是依据国民总收入来评定的。国民总收入低于1250美元国家的科研院所能够免费进入，国民总收入在1250—3500美元的国家需要支付1000美元才能进入。
Eligibility for HINARI access is based on gross national income (GNI). Institutions in countries where the GNI is less than US$1250 receive free access, while those in countries with a GNI of US$1250–3500 pay US$1000.
该分析使用了汤姆森科技数据库，数据库一直记录了9000多种国际以及本地的同行评议期刊。论文第一作者的注册国家将会进行评估，所有的学科都会记录在案。
The analysis used the Thomson Scientific database, which keeps track of more than 9,000 international and regional peer-reviewed journals. The registered country of a paper's primary author was used to make the assessment, and all disciplines were taken into account.
“卫生领域研究网络计划”（HINARI）于2002年正式启动，目的是能提供免费或廉价获取发展中国家卫生研究成果。
HINARI, the Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative, was launched in 2002 to provide free or low-cost access to medical research in developing countries.
HINARI项目经理Kimberley Parker说，通过这么一个简单的分析是不可能证明HINARI是促进增长的唯一因素的。“我们相信我们在增长中发挥了作用。这特别体现在研究中某些现成就有的东西；我们很高兴能说我们看起来就是发挥了作用，但是还不能证明这一点。”
Kimberley Parker, HINARI's programme manager, says that with such a simple analysis it is impossible to prove HINARI alone has caused this increase.
"We believe we're a contributing factor in the growth. This particular piece of research was something that came to hand; we are pleased to be able to say that we look to be a contributing factor but we can't prove it."
爱思唯尔高级出版情报经理，实施该分析的Andrew Plume说：“所有国家科研产出的增长，不仅仅是享有HINARI服务的国家，都可以解释为一种科技资助和人力资源的一般性增长。”
The increase across all countries, not just those served by HINARI, can be explained by a general increase in science and technology funding and human resources, says Andrew Plume, senior publishing information manager at Elsevier, who carried out the analysis.
Plume告诉科学发展网络（Scidev.Net）记者说：“针对HINARI计划的相关作用造成这些国家中同行评议期刊中出现的可视增长，需要有一种全面的多变量分析模型来分析。”他又说道，不久很可能会有一个更深度的分析。
"A full multivariate analysis would be required to model the relative contribution of HINARI to the observed growth in peer-reviewed literature emerging from these nations," Plume told SciDev.Net. He adds that a deeper analysis will likely be carried out in the near future.
HINARI的这一说法引起了一些开放获取出版社成员的怀疑——加大了评价开放免费获取出版物的作用的难度。
HINARI's claims have drawn scepticism from some members of the open access publishing community — and highlight the difficulty of measuring the impact of open and free access publishing.
为了发展的电子出版信托基金会（Electronic Publishing Trust for Development）的Barbara Kirsop说：“当然，获取研究成果肯定会促进科学研究，然而很难确定获取像HINARI这样的项目就是发展中国家科学研究增产的唯一贡献因素——这由出版物数量得来。”
"Of course access to research findings are bound to stimulate research activity, but it is hard to be sure that access programmes such as HINARI are the sole contributors to increases in scientific activity — as measured by the number of publications — in the developing world," says Barbara Kirsop of the Electronic Publishing Trust for Development.
然而Parker特别强调获取研究成果会增加科学研究活动。“如果没有获取研究成果，对话就会变的相当困难——你不知道已经谈了什么、研究了什么，甚至都不知道你所探索的东西早已经研究过了。”
But Parker is keen to stress the role that research access can play in increasing scientific activity. "Without access [to research] it becomes extremely hard to join the conversation — you don't know what's already been talked about or researched, or whether the work you want to explore has already been done."
“而且对于写一篇论文也是一样困难——至少对于在世界上主要的同行评议期刊上发表论文而言——因为你没有任何内容来作为你反对面依据。”
"And it becomes difficult to author a paper too — at least a paper that will be accepted in the major peer-reviewed journals of the world — because you don't have anything to benchmark yourself against."
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